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The 2025–26 cyclone season:
how close did the trigger come?

RSMC Nadi sent forecasts for two cyclones near Fiji: Urmil in February and Vaianu in April. We step through every forecast and check it against the trigger.

Reminder

What would have activated the framework

🌀Readiness

≥ 5,000 people in the zone forecast to get 64-kt (hurricane-force) winds, in the 120-hour forecast

🌀Action

The same, within the first 72 hours

🌧️Observational

≥ 190 mm of rain over two days, averaged over the whole country

On each forecast slide: the number of people in the 64-kt zone, and how far the 64-kt winds stayed from land. 64 knots (118 km/h) is the minimum for a Category 3 cyclone.

2025–26 season

13 forecasts, no activation

CycloneForecastsStrongest forecastClosest centre
to land
Most people in
64-kt zone
Urmil4 · 27–28 FebCategory 2430 km0
Vaianu9 · 5–8 AprCategory 3195 km0

Threshold: 5,000 people. Times are Fiji time, when the forecast was issued.

Cyclone Urmil · 27–28 February
Never close

All 4 forecasts kept Urmil far to the south-west and south of Fiji, at most Category 2 — no hurricane-force winds were forecast at all. Its centre stayed at least 430 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —

Map: latest forecast in black, earlier forecasts in grey.

Forecast tracks for Cyclone Urmil
Tropical disturbance 11F · forecast 1 of 9
Sun 5 Apr, 18:00

First forecast, before the system was named: forecast to reach Category 2 west of Fiji, with no hurricane-force winds.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? No 64-kt winds forecast. Storm centre 200 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Sun 5 Apr, 18:00
Vaianu · forecast 2 of 9
Mon 6 Apr, 00:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 215 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 215 km from land. Storm centre 260 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Mon 6 Apr, 00:00
Vaianu · forecast 3 of 9
Mon 6 Apr, 06:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 155 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 155 km from land. Storm centre 200 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Mon 6 Apr, 06:00
Vaianu · forecast 4 of 9
Mon 6 Apr, 12:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 140 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 140 km from land. Storm centre 195 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Mon 6 Apr, 12:00
Vaianu · forecast 5 of 9
Mon 6 Apr, 18:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 155 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 155 km from land. Storm centre 220 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Mon 6 Apr, 18:00
Vaianu · forecast 6 of 9
Tue 7 Apr, 00:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 165 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 165 km from land. Storm centre 230 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Tue 7 Apr, 00:00
Vaianu · forecast 7 of 9
Tue 7 Apr, 06:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 130 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 130 km from land. Storm centre 195 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Tue 7 Apr, 06:00
Vaianu · forecast 8 of 9
Tue 7 Apr, 12:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 190 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 190 km from land. Storm centre 250 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Tue 7 Apr, 12:00
Vaianu · forecast 9 of 9
Wed 8 Apr, 06:00

Forecast as a Category 3 passing west and south of Viti Levu. Its hurricane-force winds stay 220 km from land.

TriggerThis forecastStatus
Readiness120-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Action72-hour forecast 0 people in 64-kt zone
threshold 5,000
Not reached
Observational2-day rainfall IMERG satellite, checked daily —
How close? 64-kt winds 220 km from land. Storm centre 275 km from land at its closest.
Forecast map for Vaianu, Wed 8 Apr, 06:00
Vaianu · observational trigger

Heavy rain in western Viti Levu — but far below the threshold

Observed 2-day rainfall, 6–7 Apr
6–7 Apr: 72 mm country average (threshold 190 mm)
Observed 2-day rainfall, 7–8 Apr
7–8 Apr: 42 mm country average (threshold 190 mm)

NASA IMERG satellite rainfall, as sent in the observational information emails on 7 and 8 April.

Summary

Vaianu came closest — and it was not close

Distance of Vaianu's forecast 64-kt winds from land, by forecast
  • Every one of the 13 forecasts had 0 people in the 64-kt zone (threshold 5,000). Vaianu's hurricane-force winds stayed 130 km or more offshore.
  • Only the uncertainty cone's worst case reached populated areas, on 6–7 April. The trigger uses the forecast track itself, so this alone does not activate.
  • Rainfall peaked at 72 mm (2-day country average), against 190 mm.
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